class 7

Grammar  Past perfect/3rd conditional

The past perfect tense is often used in English when we are relating two events which happened in the past. It helps to show which event happened first. 

Past perfect, form

The Past Perfect tense in English is composed of two parts: the past tense of the verb tohave (had) + the past participle of the main verb.

The past perfect refers to a particular point of time in the past.
Examples:

Alfred Hitchcock made many films.
(Past simple - he is dead and cannot make any more.)

Leonardo di Caprio has made many films.
(Present perfect - he is alive and will probably make more films.)

Marlon Brando had made many films by the time he was 40.
(Past perfect with a specific point of time as a reference)

Past Perfect Tense
Example Sentences

An action that happened before another action in the past:

I  lost so much weight because I had begun exercising.

He stayed up all night because he had received a lot of homework.

Rachel hadn't lost hope, and in the end she found her baby.

I had known him before you introduced us.

They were in shock because they had never thought about it before.

We hadn't prepared at all before we took that test.

You said you had bought this dress in the mall.

You had studied German before you moved to Germany.

He hadn't studied Italian before he move to Italy.

I did not have any money because I had left my wallet at home.

An action that happened before a specific time in the past:

I had already fallen asleep before ten o'clock.

They had established their business before 2002.

We had gotten married before 1985.Kate had never played the drums until last night.

A state that started in the past,
and continued up to some time in the past
(Note: this is a broader use of this tense. It is usually used with states, not actions):

Molly had wanted a guitar, but she received a book.

They had lived in Italy for twelve years before they moved to England.

I had owned this place since 1997.

You had used that pen before it got lost.

I had had that house for eight years before it got burnt down. 

esl.about.com/od/Find-the-Mistake/a/Past-Perfect-Worksheets.htm
 Past Perfect Worksheets

Before viewing: Discuss
1) Do you believe in fate? Are things pre-determined to happen? Or is it all just coincidence?
2) Do you think that we have a specific day to die?
3) Have you ever seen/been in an accident. How could the accident have been prevented?

Clip from a movie.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JZj1Yeb-tVg

"Had any of these things happened differently, the end of Daisy's afternoon would have been another one."
1. Daisy's shoelace broke.
2. The delivery truck moved moments earlier.
3. The girl broke up with her boyfriend.
4. The man forgot to set the alarm.
5. The woman didn't remember her coat.
6.  The taxi driver stopped for a cup of coffee.

Homework!
The 'what if....'  form is often used in movies and novels but think about  the times you have used the equivalent  in your own life. 
Write down 5 regrets that you have.